Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. As part of a comprehensive treatment approach, surgery, hormone therapy and radiation therapy are usually at the forefront. The latter method is crucial for many patients. This is because it allows cancer cells to be destroyed through the use of high-energy radiation. In this article, we will look at how radiation therapy is used to treat prostate cancer.
What is radiation therapy in the context of prostate cancer?
Radiation therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer involves the use of radiation to destroy cancer cells. It can be used as the main treatment, especially in patients in whom surgery is not possible, or after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells.
When is radiation therapy used to treat prostate cancer?
Radiation therapy can be used at different stages in the treatment of prostate cancer, depending on the stage of the disease, the patient's overall health and his preference.
It is often used as a primary treatment option in the early stages of prostate cancer, especially when the risk of surgery is too great or the patient chooses this form of treatment. In cases of advanced prostate cancer, radiation therapy can also be used to relieve symptoms, such as pain.
What is the radiation therapy procedure for prostate cancer treatment?
Radiation therapy to treat prostate cancer usually involves external body radiation therapy (EBRT). During the procedure, radiation is directed at the prostate from a machine placed outside the patient's body. Before treatment begins, the patient undergoes a planning process that includes a CT scan or MRI to pinpoint the exact location of the cancer.
The patient lies on a table during the procedure, and the radiation machine moves around him, delivering radiation from different directions. The procedure usually takes 15 to 30 minutes and is performed five days a week for several weeks.
An alternative method is brachytherapy, in which radioactive "seeds" are implanted directly into the prostate. These seeds emit radiation directly into the tumor, minimizing exposure to healthy tissue.
What are the potential side effects of radiation therapy?
Although radiation therapy is effective in treating prostate cancer, it can cause side effects such as:
- Fatigue - Pain during urination - Problems with erection - Increased urination - Nausea
Most of the side effects, however, are temporary and subside after treatment ends.
Conclusions
Radiation therapy is an essential component of prostate cancer treatment, offering an effective source of destroying cancer cells. However, it is important to closely tailor the method to the individual patient's needs, taking into account the stage of the disease and overall health. In all cases, the decision to choose a therapeutic method should be discussed with the physician, with a full understanding of the benefits and potential risks of each available approach.
